Dynamics of the Agricultural Export Market in Peru

Abstract

The study provides a detailed analysis of the competitiveness of Peruvian agro-exports, aiming to describe the export development of its four main products. Using a non-experimental quantitative and descriptive approach, the research assesses the exports of grapes, blueberries, avocados, and asparagus from Peru between 2018 and 2022. Tools such as pivot tables in Excel and data from SUNAT Customs and the International Trade Center were employed, focusing on aspects like the number of importing countries, the number of exporting companies, net weight, FOB value, and primarily the Absolute Revealed Comparative Advantage Index (ARCAI). The results show significant growth in grape and blueberry exports, with an increase in volume and value, while asparagus and avocados face challenges in market and exporter company diversification. The absolute ARCAI indicates a strong and stable specialization in these products. The conclusions highlight the need for differentiated strategies for each product. Specific recommendations are suggested for institutions such as MINAGRI, PROMPERÚ, ADEX, and INIA, aimed at promoting technology, quality, market diversification, and sustainable practices.