Innovative approaches in engineering education for the circular economy and energy transition

Resumen

The transition to a circular economy and sustainable energy systems requires transforming engineering education, especially in countries with barriers in infrastructure, financing and industry linkages. The study analyzes trends, best practices, and issues in engineering education through a systematic literature review in academic databases. Articles published between 2018 and 2024 were selected that addressed the adoption of active methodologies, the integration of digital technologies, and the university-industry relationship. The results indicate that 80% of the programs have implemented project-based learning, while only 45% have incorporated dual training due to difficulties in cooperation with the productive sector. The adoption of digital tools has grown by 55%, allowing the teaching of sustainability through simulations and virtual laboratories. In terms of employability, graduates of programs focused on sustainability have a rate of 85%, higher than the 72% of traditional engineering graduates. Despite these advances, challenges persist in technological infrastructure and articulation with industry. To strengthen engineering education and align it with the Sustainable Development Goals, it is essential to promote teacher training, consolidate public policies and foster inter-institutional cooperation.