Global Green Logistics in International Business: Trends, Challenges & Future Directions – A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

This systematic literature review was conducted to explore emerging trends and perspectives of green logistics in the field of international business, identifying best practices, challenges, and gaps in the literature. To achieve this objective, a PICO strategy was designed to formulate the research question, and an exhaustive search was carried out in the Scopus database, limiting the selection to open‐access articles published between 2021 and 2025. Subsequently, the PRISMA method was applied, initially reducing 360 studies to 56 that met the criteria of thematic precision and methodological rigor. The results reveal that leading green logistics companies demonstrate a strong environmental commitment, investing in disruptive technologies such as blockchain, IoT, and data analytics, and obtaining international certifications. Likewise, route optimization through mathematical models and the establishment of strategic partnerships stand out as fundamental elements for improving operational efficiency and reducing environmental footprint. In conclusion, the integration of green logistics practices emerges as key to reconciling competitiveness and sustainability in a global environment, suggesting the need for longitudinal studies and adaptations in emerging markets.