SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON THE IMPACT OF IOT DEVICES ON ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN SMART HOMES

Resumen

The adoption of IoT devices in smart homes represents a key opportunity to optimize energy efficiency and promote more sustainable consumption. However, the lack of common standards and interoperability issues among manufacturers constitute significant obstacles to large-scale implementation. The main objective of this review was to evaluate the impact of IoT devices on energy efficiency in smart homes, highlighting the most commonly used devices, as well as their benefits and limitations. To achieve this, the PICO technique was applied, identifying the components according to the intervention question and establishing the corresponding keywords. A total of 221 articles were found in the SCOPUS database, which were filtered and selected according to the established eligibility criteria using the PRISMA flow diagram. This resulted in a final sample of 72 studies. The results show that IoT significantly improves the monitoring and control of energy consumption, although it faces technical limitations that hinder its widespread adoption. A key aspect identified is the need to establish standards that promote interoperability, which would allow for a more efficient and effective use of these technologies in sustainable homes. The findings of this review provide a solid foundation to guide future research and practical applications, aiming to overcome current technological challenges and seize opportunities for optimization in domestic energy management.