Systematic Review on how Technological Innovation Can Improve the Cocoa Industry

Resumen

Several innovations, such as artificial intelligence, deep learning, and automation technologies, are being implemented in the cocoa industry's cultivation, production, and logistics processes to improve product quality through process optimization and resource sustainability. This systematic review aims to review the contributions of scientific literature regarding innovations made to improve the cocoa transformation process by implementing sustainable innovations and practices. To this end, it was decided to use the PICO article search strategy, managing to collect 3221 articles in total, carried out in the Scopus, Emerald Insight, Science Direct, and IEEE Xplore databases by carrying out the screening and selection process by criteria such as year, languages, open access and by exclusion and inclusion criteria, it was possible to obtain 25 articles for the realization of the Systematic Review Of Literature (RSL). The results found were that the utility of 4k drone technology allows one to identify the state of the fruit in the crops. In contrast, the e-tongue and e-nose technologies recognize the aromas and flavors of the product. It was concluded that technologies such as YOLOv5, WSN e Lot technologies, 4K DRONE, SCANET, and UW are applicable in production processes using technologies such as CNN AND DNN, ANN, KNN, CIBER, E-NOSE, E-TONGUE, HSI. In the supply chain process, DAVIS and blockchain models and technologies aimed at sustainability are ANFIS systems.