Evaluation of Shear Strength in Cajamarca Clays by FEM Simulation and Triaxial Tests

Resumen

This study analyzed the shear strength of Cajamarca clays through Undrained Consolidated (CU) and Undrained Unconsolidated (UU) triaxial tests, complemented with numerical simulations in ABAQUS using the Finite Element Method (FEM). Key parameters such as cohesion, shear stress, and confining pressure were compared. The results showed that the effective cohesion in the CU was 3.26 kg/cm², while in the UU it reached 5.1 kg/cm², reflecting the effect of consolidation. The internal friction angle in the CU was 22.47°, confirming the soil strength under confined loading. In the FEM simulation, the shear stress values ​​showed a deviation less than 3% in CU and below 1.5% in UU, validating the accuracy of the numerical model. The difference in deviatoric stress between the tests and the simulation ranged between 0.96% and 1.41%, ensuring a high correlation. These results highlight the reliability of numerical modeling to predict the mechanical behavior of soil. The integration of triaxial tests with ABAQUS allows the optimization of foundation design and slope stability, reducing uncertainties and costs in geotechnical projects.