Transformational leadership and its relationship with work motivation in a pharmacy chain, Lima, 2025

Abstract

This study analyzes the relationship between transformational leadership and work motivation among employees of a pharmacy chain in Lima, Peru, in 2025. The research adopts a quantitative approach, using a non-experimental, cross-sectional, correlational design to examine the association between both variables and their respective dimensions. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire composed of 20 Likert-scale items, applied to a census sample of 100 employees. The instrument demonstrated strong psychometric properties, achieving excellent reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.88) and content validity through expert judgment. Given the non-normal distribution of the data, Spearman’s rho was applied for hypothesis testing. The results reveal a statistically significant and moderate positive relationship between transformational leadership and work motivation (r = 0.498; p = 0.000). At the dimensional level, idealized influence (r = 0.434; p = 0.000) and individualized consideration (r = 0.466; p = 0.000) show moderate positive correlations, while inspirational motivation (r = 0.376; p = 0.000) and intellectual stimulation (r = 0.375; p = 0.000) present low but significant positive relationships with work motivation. These findings confirm the relevance of transformational leadership as a key organizational factor that enhances employee motivation. The study concludes that leadership practices based on ethical influence, inspiration, intellectual development, and individualized support significantly contribute to motivational processes, organizational commitment, and performance. The results provide empirical evidence that supports theoretical models of transformational leadership and motivation, highlighting their practical applicability in organizational contexts within the Peruvian pharmaceutical sector