Green Energy Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean (2020–2024): A Bibliometric Mapping of Research Themes

Abstract

This study conducts a PRISMA-guided bibliometric analysis of green energy entrepreneurship and innovation in Latin America and the Caribbean over 2020 to 2024, based on publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science. The dataset comprises 308 peer reviewed documents, including 257 articles and 51 reviews, each with at least one regional affiliation. Results reveal a consolidated and expanding research front anchored in Brazil, with Colombia and Mexico forming the next tier, while Chile and Ecuador display the highest international collaboration intensity. Spain and Portugal act as recurrent extra regional partners that bridge Latin American teams to broader networks. The keyword structure shows a strong energy core around renewable energy, energy transition, solar and wind, hydrogen, storage, and systems integration, framed by sustainability constructs such as sustainable development, climate change, and circular economy. Signals linked to entrepreneurship and market formation are present but thinner, centered on innovation, management, and business models. The thematic map places storage and business models near the field’s core as connectors between technical capability and adoption. Overall, the evidence points to growing scale, selective internationalization, and a clear opportunity to tighten links among technology, finance, and policy to accelerate regional uptake.