Proposed Design of Hydraulic Concrete Mixture with Incorporation of Banana Fiber

Abstract

This research investigates the mechanical performance of fiber-reinforced concrete using banana pseudo stem fibers, following ACI and ASTM standards. A quantitative experimental approach was applied, fabricating 48 specimens, including four mix designs with fiber contents of 0%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%. The fibers underwent chemical treatment with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to enhance adhesion and mechanical properties. Workability tests (ASTM C143, ASTM C231) showed a slump reduction as fiber content increased, from 4.5 inches (control) to 3 inches (2% fiber mix), while air content ranged from 1.5% to 2.0%. Compression tests (ASTM C39) at 7, 14, and 28 days indicated that only the 1% fiber mix exceeded the design f’c of 4000 psi, reaching 5309.9 psi at 28 days. Higher fiber percentages reduced compressive strength, with 2% fiber achieving only 4484 psi. Flexural strength (ASTM C78) improved with fiber incorporation, with the 1% fiber mix reaching 640.2 psi, exceeding the 600 psi ACI requirement. However, higher fiber contents decreased modulus of rupture, with 2% fiber dropping to 485.3 psi. The results demonstrate that 1% banana fiber enhances mechanical performance without compromising workability. Future studies should explore fiber-matrix interaction and alternative treatments to optimize sustainable fiber-reinforced concrete applications.