Effectiveness of Lean Manufacturing and Six Sigma in Process Optimization in SMEs: A Systematic Literature Review (2018-2023)

Resumen

This study investigates the adoption of Lean Manufacturing (LM) and Six Sigma (SS) in Peruvian small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), aiming to assess their impact on productivity and quality improvement. Employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach with PRISMA criteria and the PIOC acronym for study selection, relevant research published between 2018 and 2023 was examined. A total of 24 pertinent articles from the SCOPUS database were identified and analyzed using a PRISMA systematic review methodology and based on the PIOC acronym for keyword selection and research question formulation. Findings indicate that while LM and SS have the potential to significantly optimize operational processes and enhance quality standards, effective implementation is hindered by barriers related to the lack of specialized knowledge and practical experience with these methodologies. The analysis emphasizes the importance of a personalized and contextualized approach to overcome these limitations, highlighting the necessity of adapting these practices to the specific conditions and needs of SMEs for their success. Furthermore, the need for continuous training and skill development in personnel to maximize LM and SS benefits is stressed, proposing a strategic framework for their effective integration into the Peruvian business environment. This study contributes to the existing literature by providing an updated perspective on the applicability and efficacy of LM and SS in the SME context, offering guidelines for future research and business practices.