Impact of Public Insecurity on Business Development and Management in the Callao Region

Abstract

The final report, “Impact of Citizen Insecurity on Business Development and Management in the Callao Region”, uses a descriptive quantitative -correlational and non-experimental (transversal design) approach, how citizen insecurity negatively affects the local business environment, focusing on 130 entrepreneurs and managers of SMEs in districts such as Callao and Ventanilla during 2025; The study is based on a problematic approach that highlights the high perception of insecurity (96 % of respondents agree that it has recently increased, with Likert averages above 4.25), direct victimization by theft (94 %), extortion, and vandalism, generating direct impacts such as reduced hours and sales (97 %), cash flow losses (100 %), increased operating costs for private security and insurance (93 % allocate ¿10 % of expenses), lower investment (97 %), talent drain, and deterioration of competitiveness, confirming the general hypothesis through inferential analyses (negative Spearman correlations -0.65) and descriptive analyses presented in 30 tables and 29 figures; the methodology includes expert-validated surveys (validity index 72 %, Cronbach 0.70), intentional non-probabilistic sampling, and statistical processing, proposing as conclusions the need for comprehensive public-private strategies and recommendations such as targeted patrolling, subsidies for SMEs, and community surveillance networks to mitigate effects and promote sustainable economic growth.