Approaches to Green and Environmental Engineering for Industrial Sustainability: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Industrial pollution and climate change pose critical global challenges, with the industrial sector accounting for nearly 90% of global CO2 emissions. In this context, the transition toward carbon neutrality emerges as a strategic priority. To address this challenge, Green Engineering stands out as an integrated approach to sustainability, incorporating clean technologies, eco-design, and green manufacturing to optimize resources and reduce emissions across the supply chain. This study, through a systematic review based on the PRISMA method, analyzed literature published between 2021 and 2025 in Scopus, filtering 137 documents and selecting 50 high-impact articles (Q1 and Q2) to ensure scientific rigor. Bibliometric results position China as the leading country in scientific production and reveal five priority areas: sustainability, environmental impact, energy efficiency, technological innovation, and sustainable development. Qualitative analysis highlights the integration of Circular Economy principles with digital tools such as Digital Twins, BIM, and energy microgrids, enabling significant reductions in operational waste and improving energy autonomy. Findings confirm that Green Engineering goes beyond regulatory compliance, consolidating itself as a strategic imperative to enhance competitiveness, resilience, and ecological efficiency in global industry.