Proposal for a hydrodynamic casing as a defense system in bridge pillars against local erosión

Abstract

Given the growing concern about erosion in bridge piers, exacerbated by climate change, this research focuses on developing hydrodynamic casings using NACA airfoils to mitigate the formation of erosive vortices. The main objective is to identify an efficient and economical casing design that can be implemented to protect critical infrastructure against erosion. Using a mixed methodological approach, various designs are evaluated through simulations and comparative analysis, with the NACA 0025 profile standing out for its optimal balance between simplicity and effectiveness. The research results indicate a notable reduction in local erosion around the pillars, with rockfill showing decreases of 1.2m to 2.4m in erosion, and energy reduction devices improving pillar protection by up to 19%. Concluding, the study validates the effectiveness of hydrodynamic casings designed with NACA profiles, particularly NACA 0025, as a practical and cost-effective solution to combat erosion in bridge piers. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing innovative design strategies, along with rigorous preventative maintenance, to ensure the longevity and safety of vital infrastructure in challenging environments