Biomass as Renewable Energy: A Systematic Literature Review 2020-2023

Abstract

The present research aims to describe the influence of biomass as a source of renewable energy and to outline the issues that lead to proposing biomass as a renewable energy alternative. To this end, a systematic review of scientific literature published between 2020 and 2023 in the Scopus database was conducted. Twenty-one relevant studies meeting the determined eligibility criteria were identified. In this context, the search was conducted using the terms "renewable energy" and "biomass energy." A mixed methodology was utilized. The results show that biomass as a renewable energy resource helps reduce the use of fossil fuels and their derivatives by utilizing agricultural, forestry, and urban waste that would otherwise be discarded. As a renewable energy resource, biomass faces challenges such as negative gas emissions, high costs, energy demand, and massive energy increase. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of using biomass as a renewable energy source, as a viable and sustainable alternative for the future energy landscape, aiming to mitigate polluting resources, improve efficiency compared to other renewable energy sources, and its positive impact in environmental, social, and economic terms.