More Effective Strategies for Cleaner Production in the Industrial Sector: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Pollution caused by industry is a social and environmental problem that affects the entire world, contributing to global warming and environmental degradation. Achieving carbon neutrality has become a priority for nations at various levels of development. In 2023, Peru reported emissions of 210.4 million tons of CO2, representing 0.42% of the global total. These emissions, mostly greenhouse gases, require continuous monitoring to understand their impact. In this context, Cleaner Production (CP) emerges as a key strategy to promote sustainability by implementing preventive measures that help minimize environmental damage and improve efficiency in production processes. CP focuses on optimizing processes, resources, and technologies, driving innovation across the supply chain. However, despite efforts to incorporate sustainable practices, many companies still prioritize financial objectives, which increases pollution and biodiversity loss. Poor waste and chemical management negatively impact natural resources and the image of companies. CP methods focus on pollution prevention at its source, reducing waste, and adopting sustainable technologies. This not only reduces environmental impact but also enhances competitiveness. This study aims to analyze Cleaner Production (CP) strategies in the industrial sector, with the goal of identifying and suggesting sustainable improvements, reviewing recent research, and proposing solutions to the challenges companies face in implementing these strategies.