Influence of Exports on Peru’s Economic Growth: A Quantitative Approach

Resumen

This study analyses the influence of exports on Peru’s economic growth between 2000 and 2022. A quantitative, non-experimental approach was adopted, using time series data and multiple regression models to assess the relationship between export performance and real GDP. The findings reveal a statistically significant and positive impact of exports on economic growth, confirming that increases in external trade are closely linked to GDP expansion. However, the results also highlight the structural risks of excessive dependence on commodity-based exports, given their vulnerability to global price volatility. It is concluded that strengthening an export policy focused on competitiveness and diversification is essential to ensure sustainable economic growth. Such a strategy would enhance resilience to international shocks, reduce exposure to external risks, and contribute to long-term socioeconomic welfare. The study also underscores the importance of public investment and technological adaptation as complementary drivers of productive transformation in emerging economies.