IoT System with Incentive Mechanisms for Electricity Consumption Control

Resumen

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of an IoT system with incentive mechanisms on residential electricity consumption control. The research had a quantitative approach and a longitudinal pre-experimental design, applied in 10 homes in the city of Cajamarca, Peru, where 30 electrical appliances were monitored. Data collection was carried out in two phases: a 60-day pre-test stage without intervention and a 60-day post-test stage with the IoT system implemented. The results showed an average reduction in daily electricity consumption of 19.9% (kWh/day), a decrease in peak power demand of 15.4% (W), a reduction of 7.7% in daily hours of use, and a decrease in estimated monthly cost of 20.6%. The system also allowed for accurate monitoring of electrical parameters (V, A, W, kWh) and the effective activation of incentive mechanisms based on the percentage reduction in consumption relative to the individual baseline. Statistical analysis using the Student's t-test for related samples confirmed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between pre-test and post-test values. It is concluded that the IoT system with incentive mechanisms has a positive and significant effect on the control of residential electricity consumption.