RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND PROFITABILITY OF AGRIBUSINESS COMPANIES OF THE SUPERINTENDENCIA DEL MERCADO DE VALORES DEL PERU

Resumen

The main objective of this research is to determine the relationship between capital structure and profitability in Peruvian agribusiness companies registered with the Superintendency of Securities Market during the period 2016-2023, with the aim of identifying how the debt-to-equity ratio influences their financial performance. The study used a quantitative, correlational, and non-experimental design approach, relying on a documentary analysis of the financial statements of the selected companies. The methodology allowed for the calculation of ratios such as ROA, ROE, debt, and capital debt. The population consisted of nine agroindustrial companies, of which four were selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling, considering the availability of complete financial information for the period studied. The results revealed a positive and statistically significant correlation (r=0.436; p<0.05) between capital structure and profitability. Companies that managed to maintain a balanced ratio between debt and equity achieved better levels of profitability for shareholders (average ROE = 0.88). However, low return on assets (average ROA = 0.013) was identified, highlighting the need to optimize operational efficiency. Keyword: Estructura de capital, Rentabilidad, Agroindustrial, Endeudamiento, Finanzas empresariales