Bioclimatic guidelines for a housing typology in the Special Regulation Zone of the “Pantanos de Villa” Wetland, Lima, Peru

Abstract

The development of a bioclimatic framework with guidelines for the implementation of sustainable housing typologies in the Special Regulation Zone (SRGZ) in the Pantanos de Villa wetlands, Chorrillos, is key to preserving highly valuable ecosystems such as wetlands and achieving cohesion between the natural and urban. In this context, three environmental planning units of the SRGZ are analyzed: The Physical-Legal Sanitation Zone (SZ), the Surco River Underground Aquifer Protection Zone (ZPRS), and the Surface Upwelling and Runoff Protection Zone (ZPAES). This research, using a multicriteria AMC-PS analysis, evaluates four housing typologies (semi-detached, block, cooperative, and low-to-medium rise), and determines that the low-to-medium rise typology is ideal for optimizing land use, balancing density, and minimizing environmental impact. Additionally, a bioclimatic data sheet with sustainable design strategies is developed following a climate-urban analysis in comparison with Ordinance 1044 of the Municipality of Lima. This data sheet considers factors such as solar radiation, natural ventilation, water management, materials compatible with the environment, and soil characteristics. All of this leads us to conclude that implementing a bioclimatic data sheet for the development of a housing typology as a regulatory requirement can guarantee sustainable urban growth in the ZRE PV, as it will promote the coexistence of urbanization and ecological conservation.