The use of virtual simulators and augmented reality for university academic innovation: A systematic review 2023–2025

Abstract

This research addresses the use of virtual simulators and augmented reality (AR) in university academic innovation, considering their impact on learning and pedagogical transformation in universities. A systematic literature review was carried out between 2023 and 2025, with the aim of identifying the benefits and challenges of these technologies in higher education. The study used a quantitative approach and a non-experimental design, with thematic content analysis of previous studies on the use of simulators and AR in educational contexts. The results revealed that emerging technologies, such as virtual simulators and AR, improve the understanding of abstract concepts, foster student motivation, and facilitate active participation in learning, especially in STEM disciplines. However, significant barriers are also identified, such as the lack of adequate technological infrastructure and insufficient teacher training, which limits their effective implementation in many universities, particularly in resource-limited regions. These findings highlight the need for investment in educational infrastructure and teacher training to ensure the successful integration of these tools into educational programs. The review also suggests that, despite the challenges, the use of simulators and AR represents a key opportunity to improve educational quality and prepare students for a digitalized environment.