University entrepreneurial culture in Latin America: systematic review of barriers, opportunities, and the impact of technology

Abstract

This article provides a detailed review of entrepreneurial culture in Latin American universities, focusing on three main dimensions: the barriers faced by these institutions, the opportunities identified in various educational contexts, and the role of technologies in promoting academic entrepreneurship. To ensure methodological rigor, the PRISMA protocol was applied, reviewing 46 articles selected from five recognized databases, covering publications between 2015 and 2024. The results reveal recurring problems such as a lack of teacher training, poor institutional coordination with the productive environment, and limited integration of entrepreneurship into curricula. However, valuable opportunities are also identified, such as the growing use of educational technologies, the implementation of active methodologies, and the consolidation of academic collaboration networks. This systematic review provides a solid basis for understanding the current state of university entrepreneurship in the region, as well as for guiding future research, curriculum redesign, and institutional policies that seek to strengthen a comprehensive, inclusive, and sustainable entrepreneurial culture.