Multidimensional analysis of skin hygiene products: Physicochemical characterization and sensory performance

Abstract

The study evaluates the technical and functional justification of the commercial segmentation between common-use soaps and facial cleansers, analyzing whether the price disparity corresponds to tangible differences in performance and formulation. The methodology employed a multidimensional approach on 16 commercial samples (8 per category), covering physicochemical characterization, performance tests, sensory analysis with a blind panel of 30 consumers, and a regulatory audit. The results revealed an unexpected physicochemical convergence: both categories presented equivalent rheological behaviors, density, and surface tension, as well as similar acidic pH profiles (Common: 5.1 vs. Facial: 5.5). The most significant technical differentiation lay in the detergency percentage, which was notably superior in common-use soaps. In contrast to this similarity in physical properties, a marked economic gap of 4 to 1 was determined in the volume-cost ratio (mL/USD), evidencing a disparate market positioning. Sensorially, the panel showed a hedonic preference for common soaps due to their aromatic profile but evidenced a low capacity to functionally discriminate facial cleansers. It is concluded that, despite the parity in physical variables, the facial category sacrifices detersive power in favor of biocompatibility, justifying its cost through dermatological safety attributes that are not immediately perceived by the consumer.