Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools in Higher Education. A literature review (2021 - 2025)

Abstract

In the context of emerging technologies and the increasing demands of the educational field, it is necessary to integrate artificial intelligence (AI) tools to enhance the competencies and skills of university students. This study aimed to analyze the scientific literature on the use of AI tools in higher education and their implications for student learning, considering research published between 2021 and 2025. A literature review methodology was employed to identify, select, and compile the most relevant articles from academic databases, resulting in 48 studies included for analysis. The findings show that the main AI tools are applied in courses in Social Sciences and Humanities, Health Sciences, Foreign Languages, Computer Technology and Programming, and STEM fields. Additionally, the impact of these tools was categorized into four dimensions: cognitive processes and thinking development, student motivation and engagement, communication and language skills, and personalized learning, self-regulation, and feedback.