Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Use of Algae for the Removal of Organic Matter from Domestic Effluents

Abstract

Water treatment methods have been changing and improving over the years in order to meet the demands of the population and the care of the environment, using a viable and low-cost technology. The objective of this research was to evaluate the use of algae for the removal of organic matter (OM) from domestic effluents by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis. The research had a quantitative approach, applied type, non-experimental design (documentary review) and descriptive-explanatory level. The Scopus and Web of science databases were used for the information search, taking the period from January 2011 to September 2021. The results of the meta-analysis showed low statistical heterogeneity (l2 = 12%) and that the application of algae for MO removal from domestic effluents showed higher efficiency at high initial concentrations. It was also observed that algae achieve 100% removal of OM. Finally, it is concluded that the use of algae is efficient in removing OM and represents a viable alternative to improve water quality.