Numerical Modeling of Cantilever and Geogrid Reinforced Retaining Walls with Planar Geodrain in Granular Soils of Sachaca–Arequipa Using PLAXIS 2D

Abstract

Mass movements represent a critical geotechnical challenge in seismic zones such as Sachaca, Arequipa, where the vulnerability of sandy–clayey soils demands efficient retaining solutions. This study compares the performance of reinforced‐concrete cantilever retaining walls and mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls reinforced with biaxial geogrid and planar geodrain, using numerical modeling in PLAXIS 2D. Soil properties were characterized (moisture content 31.62%, friction angle 30.1°), and stresses, deformations, and pore pressure were evaluated. The results show that cantilever walls exhibit lower displacements and deformations, while MSE walls provide superior pore‐pressure relief (≈1.12 times). These findings provide technical criteria to optimize the design of retaining structures in granular soils in seismic regions of southern Peru.