Integration of Artificial Intelligence in Mathematical Modeling: A Qualitative Approach for Engineering Students in a Multivariable Calculus Course

Abstract

This qualitative study examines how engineering students in a Multivariable Calculus course engage with mathematical modeling tasks supported by Artificial Intelligence (AI). When used as a cognitive scaffold rather than a solver, AI enhanced authenticity, creativity, and conceptual understanding. Students who critically validated AI outputs demonstrated deeper mathematical reasoning and ethical awareness. However, challenges emerged in creativity, visualization, and meaningful AI integration. The study recommends embedding reflective AI use, improving task design, and reinforcing ethical training to foster responsible technology use and genuine learning in higher education mathematics.