Arsenic Bioadsorption in Groundwater Using Fruit and Vegetable Wastes: A Systematic Literature Review

Abstract

Arsenic contamination in groundwater poses a significant public health risk, motivating the development of sustainable treatment alternatives. This study presents a systematic literature review on the use of fruit and vegetable wastes as bioadsorbents for arsenic removal in groundwater. The PRISMA methodology was applied, considering studies published between 2019 and 2025 under defined eligibility criteria. Findings indicate that agro-industrial waste-derived bioadsorbents can achieve removal efficiencies above 80%, while iron-modified materials often exceed 90% in reported cases. Key gaps remain regarding adsorbent regeneration and reuse, anion interference under real-water matrices, and scalability/field validation, which are critical for practical deployment.