University Incubators and the Development of Entrepreneurial Skills in the Creation of New Ventures: A Systematic Review

Abstract

The acceleration of the knowledge economy demands that universities train entrepreneurs capable of creating value and sustaining new ventures. In this context, university incubators blend practical learning environments, expert mentorship, and access to support networks to enhance entrepreneurial competencies and bridge the gap between theory and practice. This systematic literature review (2014–2024) in Scopus and Web of Science, guided by PRISMA and the PICO framework, synthesizes 52 studies on the strategic role of incubators, their key characteristics, the contrast with purely theoretical training, and the benefits for venture creation and survival. Findings show that incubators strengthen students’ self-efficacy, networking, creativity, and resilience, resulting in higher rates of spin-offs, employment, and startup sustainability.