Integrated assessment of energy potential and operational risks of rice and sugarcane residues via thermochemical characterization and biomass quality indices

Abstract

Residual biomass from rice and sugarcane industries represents a strategic alternative for sustainable energy, with annual generation estimated at 1271 Mt and 990 Mt, respectively. Given the inherent variability in their physical and thermochemical properties, an integrated assessment of these parameters and their associated operational risks is essential to ensure efficient thermochemical conversion. This study systematically evaluated the energy potential and operational risks of sugarcane bagasse (SCB), sugarcane leaves (SCS), rice straw (RS), and rice husk (RH). The methodology integrated physical-energetic and thermochemical characterization using the global Biomass Quality Index (BQI), complemented by combustion-related indicators and ash behavior indices (slagging, fouling, and alkali-related issues). Results identify SCB as the most favorable feedstock (BQI = 2,82), followed by RH (BQI = 5,43). This superior performance is attributed to a balanced compositional profile, optimal energy properties, and minimal operational penalties, specifically linked to lower concentrations of Na and K in the ash and reduced N, S, and Cl content in the biomass. In contrast, RS and SCS exhibited significantly higher BQI values (17,36 and 16,40, respectively), indicating a higher propensity for operational failures during combustion. Overall, this integrated evaluation, supported by targeted pretreatment strategies, provides a robust framework for optimizing the thermochemical valorization of lignocellulosic residues, promoting efficient and sustainable bioenergy systems.