Proposal for a model to strengthen industry links for PhD programs in Engineering and Applied Sciences in developing countries

Abstract

Developing countries have limited investment in advanced human capital and a weak link between the higher education system and the productive sector, generating a significant gap between academic capabilities and the real needs of industry. This fact hinders the translation of knowledge generated in universities into concrete, applicable solutions for the business sector. This research aims to propose a model for effective integration between doctoral programs in engineering and applied sciences and the industrial and service sectors in developing countries, such as Chile. The methodology includes a literature review and comparative analysis of academic literature and curricula from countries with established doctoral models. A model of integration based on the paradigms of Education and Industry 5.0 is proposed, characterized by a dual-curriculum structure comprising two years of industrial internship and joint thesis supervision. It proposes a triple helix governance model and new quality indicators focused on non-academic employability and effective technology transfer. The results project the strengthening of the R&D&I (Research, Development, and Innovation) ecosystem through the effective integration of PhDs into the productive sector. In this way, the aim is to transform advanced knowledge into an engine of sustainable technological and economic development for the country, fostering greater awareness among companies and institutions of its value.