Analysis of Security in the Management of Data Centers in the Government Sector: Systematic Review

Abstract

The security of government data centers is critical to protect sensitive information and ensure the continuity of public services in the face of growing cyber threats. This study identifies, through systematic review using PICO and PRISMA methodologies, the factors that influence the security of these infrastructures, analyzing 30 scientific studies (2020-2025) from indexed databases. The results reveal that malware, ransomware, phishing, and DDoS attacks exploit vulnerabilities such as poor access controls and inadequate configurations. Budget constraints and shortage of trained personnel hinder the implementation of security measures. Emerging technologies such as cloud security, artificial intelligence, machine learning, edge computing, blockchain, and Zero Trust offer promising solutions, although their adoption faces organizational and financial barriers. The geographical concentration of studies in Asia and Europe limits generalization to Latin America. It is concluded that strengthening security requires prioritizing basic controls, investing in continuous training, and adopting hybrid architectures under robust public policies.